Preoperative Anxiety and Nursing Care
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https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17788432Keywords:
Anxiety, Nursing Care, Preoperative Anxiety, Nonpharmacological InterventionsAbstract
Anxiety is defined as the totality of cognitive and behavioral responses developed by individuals in the face of stressors, and it becomes particularly evident in the preoperative period. Emotional changes experienced before surgery are closely associated with the possibility of impaired body integrity, fear of death, and feelings of uncertainty. Factors influencing the level of anxiety in this period include individual characteristics such as age, gender, educational status, previous surgical experiences, social support, and health literacy. High levels of anxiety not only negatively affect psychological well-being but also complicate pain management and increase the risk of postoperative complications. In this context, nursing care plays a critical role in supporting patients’ physical and psychological preparation during the preoperative period. In addition to providing information, nonpharmacological interventions such as breathing and relaxation exercises, music therapy, aromatherapy, and massage have been shown to be effective in reducing anxiety. The aim of this review is to examine the causes and consequences of preoperative anxiety, highlight the role of nursing care in this process, and provide guidance for nursing practice. Therefore, individualized and holistic nursing approaches are of great importance in managing anxiety in the preoperative period.
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