COVID-19 Pandemı̇ Sürecinde Yetı̇şkı̇nlerde Psı̇kolojı̇k Sıkıntı, Yalnızlık ve Yaşam Kalı̇tesı̇ Arasındaki̇ İlı̇şkı̇: Kesı̇tsel Bir Araştırma
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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13622352Anahtar Kelimeler:
COVID-19, Psikolojik Sıkıntı, Yalnızlık, Yaşam Kalitesi, YetişkinlerÖzet
Amaç: Bu kesitsel çalışmanın amacı, COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde yetişkinlerde psikolojik sıkıntı, yalnızlık ve yaşam kalitesi arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemektir.
Yöntem: Çalışma, Ağustos-Aralık 2020 tarihleri arasında Türkiye'de 18-64 yaş arası 488 yetişkin ile yürütülmüştür. Veriler, sosyodemografik bilgi formu ve COVID-19 anketi, Kısa Form Sağlık Anketi (SF-36), Kessler Psikolojik Sıkıntı Ölçeği (K10) ve UCLA Yalnızlık Ölçeği (ULS-8) kullanılarak çevrimiçi olarak toplandı. Veriler tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Pearson korelasyon analizi ve Hiyerarşik Regresyon Analizleri kullanılarak analiz edildi.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların %19,7'sinin hafif, %13,5'inin orta ve %34,4'ünün ağır psikolojik sıkıntı riski altında olduğu belirlendi. Yaşam kalitesinin fiziksel bileşeni ile cinsiyet, gelir durumu, pandemi sürecinde gelir azalması, kronik hastalık, ruhsal hastalık, fiziksel aktivite, uyku süresi, psikolojik sıkıntı ve yalnızlık arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulundu (R²=0,391, p<0,001). Yaşam kalitesinin zihinsel bileşeni ile yaş, cinsiyet, gelir durumu, zihinsel hastalık, COVID-19 korkusu, pandemide kişisel önlem alma, fiziksel aktivite, psikolojik sıkıntı ve yalnızlık arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulundu (R²=0,359, p<0,001). Psikolojik sıkıntı ve yalnızlık düzeyi, yaşam kalitesinin hem fiziksel hem de ruhsal bileşenlerinin önemli belirleyicileriydi ve psikolojik sıkıntı ve yalnızlık düzeyi arttıkça yaşam kalitesi azalıyordu.
Sonuç: COVID-19 pandemi sürecinden etkilenen kişilerin ruh sağlığı ve yaşam kalitesinin iyileştirilmesi için çeşitli müdahalelerin (ileri salgın yönetim politikaları, psikososyal ve ruh sağlığı hizmetleri) düzenlenmesi gerektiği düşünülmektedir.
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