COVID-19 Hastalarının Uzun Dönem Takibi
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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10612448Anahtar Kelimeler:
COVID-19, post-COVID, yaşam kalitesi anketleri, radyolojiÖzet
Bu çalışmada, COVID-19 geçiren hastalarda taburculuk sonrası devam eden bulguların varlığı ve yaşam kalitesine etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlandı.
Ocak-Nisan 2021 tarihleri arasında yatarak takip edilen 90 COVID-19 hastası çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastaların demografik verileri, komorbiditeleri, görüntüleme ve laboratuar bulguları kaydedildi. Kontrollerde hastaların semptomları sorgulandı, yaşam kalitesi ile ilgili anket formları dolduruldu, laboratuar bulguları kaydedildi, radyolojik tetkikleri yapıldı.
Hastaların 28’inin O2 ihtiyacı olmayan grupta (Grup 1), 46’sının O2 ihtiyacı olan grupta (Grup 2) ve 16’sının invaziv mekanik ventilasyon (IMV)-noninvaziv mekanik ventilasyon (NIMV) ihtiyacı olan (Grup 3) grupta olduğu saptandı. Cinsiyet açısından 3 grup arasında fark saptanmadı. Grup 3’ün yaş ortalamasının ve komorbidite varlığı oranının Grup 1 ve Grup 2’den yüksek olduğu belirlendi. Toraks BT bulguları arasında en sık buzlu cam opasitesi ve konsolidasyon saptandı. Grup 3’teki hastaların tümü hastanede yatış sürecinde exitus olduğu için post-COVID değerlendirmesine alınamadı. Post-COVID 3. ayda retiküler patern ve buzlu cam oranının Grup 2’de Grup 1’e göre yüksek olduğu belirlendi. Post-COVID 6. ayda sadece Grup 2’de 2 hastada Toraks BT’de patolojik bulgu saptandı. Post-COVID 3. ayda tüm hastaların %88.6’sında semptom olduğu, en sık saptanan semptomların yorgunluk ve miyalji olduğu belirlendi. Post-COVID 6. ayda olguların hiçbirinde semptom olmadığı tespit edildi. Post-COVİD 3 ve 6. aylarda yapılan yaşam kalitesini değerlendiren anketlerde, gruplar arasında fark olmadığı, her iki gruptaki hastaların çoğunluğunun COVID öncesi sağlık durumlarına döndükleri saptandı.
Sonuç olarak, COVID-19 tanısı alan hastalar taburcu olduktan sonra da takip edilmelidir, çünkü 6 aya kadar semptom ve bulgular sebat edebilir. Hastaneye yatış esnasında yoğun bakım ihtiyacı olmayan hastalarda post-COVID sekel kalma riskinin düşük olduğu düşünülebilir.
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