Depression and Anxiety Rates and Most Prominent Risk Factors Among Women Survivors of “Disaster of the Century” A Cross-Sectional Study
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https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1004763Keywords:
Anxiety, Depression, EarthquakeAbstract
Purpose: This study investigated depression and anxiety rates and associated risk factors among women who lived through the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquake in Türkiye, described as the ‘disaster of the century.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was performed two months after the earthquake. Beck Anxiety Inventory and Beck Depression Inventory were administered to all participants. Individuals volunteering to participate in the study were asked how the questions on the scales should be completed. Data were collected within 30-day period. The study was planned to be conducted with 500 women presenting to a Public Hospital obstetrics clinic for various reasons.
Results: Four hundered sixty patients were included in this study. Anxiety was identified 358 (68.8%). Depression was identified in 452 (87%) participants. Participants with poor income levels registered higher anxiety scores than those with average income, whereas their depression scores were similar (p=0.034). A significant difference was observed in the depression and anxiety scores in terms of the level of damage to the home (p<0.001 for both). Participants who had lost a first-degree relative registered higher anxiety scores than those who had lost no relatives and those who had lost second- or third-degree relatives (p=0.02, p=0.028, and p=0.017, respectively). Anxiety scores were zero in 102 (19.6%) participants, mild in 130 (25%), moderate in 113 (21.7%), and severe in 115 (22.1%). Depression scores were zero in eight (1.5%) participants, mild in 139 (26.7%), minimal in 136 (26.2%), moderate in 135 (26%), and severe in 42 (8.1%).
Conclusion: Measures designed to reduce anxiety and depression in populations affected by the Kahramanmaraş earthquake should focus on individuals with low incomes, who suffered severe damage to their homes, and who lost first-degree relatives.
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