Relationship between Disease Adaptation and Self-Efficacy for Disease Management in Individuals with Multiple Chronic Diseases
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https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10049232Keywords:
Disease adaptation, Multiple chronic diseases, Non-communicable diseases, Self-efficacyAbstract
Aim: This study examines the relationship between disease adaptation and self-efficacy in managing multiple chronic diseases.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive and correlational study was conducted from December 1st to December 31st, 2022, in the internal clinics of a university hospital in Konya. The population of the research consisted of individuals with multiple chronic diseases hospitalized at Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Medicine Hospital, and the sample consisted of 230 patients who met the criteria for inclusion in the research. Data collection utilised the Patient Information Form, the Assessment Scale for Adaptation to Chronic Diseases, and Self-Efficacy for Managing Chronic Disease 6-Item Scale. Data analysis employed the Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, Dunn test, and descriptive statistics. Linear regression analysis was used to analyse the factors affecting the 6-item self-efficacy scale score for chronic disease management. Analysis results were presented as mean ± standard deviation and median (minimum-maximum) for quantitative data, and as frequency and percentage for categorical data.
Results: It was determined that 64.8% of the individuals were women, 83% were married, and 71.7% were primary school graduates. The mean level of adaptation with chronic diseases was 62.48 ± 9.81, while the mean self-efficacy level was 4.58 ± 2.01. Those who were married had a higher level of education, were employed, had a good income, lived in larger families and urban areas, and had two chronic diseases exhibited higher adaptation to chronic disease. A significant correlation was found between the total scores of the scales.
Conclusions: In conclusion, as individuals' adaptation levels to chronic diseases increase, their chronic disease management self-efficacy levels also increase. It is recommended to conduct qualitative studies examining individuals' adaptation to chronic diseases, self-efficacy and affecting factors, and to conduct multicenter studies evaluating the adaptation and self-efficacy of individuals with multiple chronic diseases
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