Determination of Sleep Quality in Pregnant Women with Severe Level Fear of Birth
![](https://ojsdergi.com/ojsicons/gor.png)
![](https://ojsdergi.com/ojsicons/pdf.png)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7394828Keywords:
Pregnant women, severe fear of childbirth, sleep qualityAbstract
Objective: This study was carried out to determine the sleep quality of pregnant women with severe fear of childbirth.
Method: The universe of this cross-sectional study consisted of pregnant women who applied to the pregnant outpatient clinics of a hospital in the east of Turkey for routine follow-up. The sample of the study consisted of 383 pregnant women who volunteered to participate in the study. “Personal Information Form”, “Wijma Birth Expectation/Experience Scale (W-DEQ) Version A (W-DEQ-A)” and “Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)” were used to obtain the data. In addition to descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U test, independent groups t test, one-way analysis of variance and Pearson correlation analysis were used to evaluate the data.
Results: It was determined that the mean age of the pregnant women was 27.42 ± 5.86, according to the W-DEQ-A scale, the mean total score of severe fear level was 76.08±5.50, the mean total clinical fear level score was 97.13±10.32, and the mean total fear of childbirth score was 89,74 ± 13.49. It was determined that the mean PSQI total score in these pregnant women was 10.37 ± 2.87 and the rate of having poor sleep quality was 96.6%. Among the W-DEQ-A sub-dimensions, pregnant women who have severe fear of childbirth a sub-dimension between of PSQI sleep disorder, and pregnant women with clinical fear of childbirth between a sub-dimension of PSQI daytime dysfunction, the PSQI daytime dysfunction sub-dimension and W-DEQ-A total fear of childbirth score between and was found a very weak positive correlation (r= 0.170, p=0.05; r=0.188, p=0.003; r=0.168, p=0.001).
Conclusion: While there was a significant relationship between the sleep disorder sub-dimension of pregnant women with severe fear of childbirth, daytime dysfunction sub-dimension of pregnant women with clinical fear of childbirth, and the total score of fear of childbirth and daytime function sub-dimension, there was a significant correlation between the total score averages of fear of childbirth and sleep quality no relationship was found.
References
Agargun, M.Y., Kara, H., Anlar, O.(1996). Pittsburgh uyku kalitesi indeksinin geçerliği ve güvenirliği, Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi 7(2),107-115.
Alipour, Z., Lamyian, M., & Hajizadeh, E. (2012). Fear of childbirth, trait anxiety and quality sleep in pregnancy and birth outcomes in nulliparous woman. The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility, 15(28), 21-30.
Alpar, R. (2010). Applied statistics and validity reliability, with examples from sports health and educational sciences Ankara: Detay Publishing, p. 350.
Ayers S. (2014). Fear of childbirth, postnatal post-traumatic stress disorder and midwifery care. Midwifery, 30(2), 145–148.
Buysse, D, J,, Reynolds, C, F,, 3rd, Monk, T, H,, Berman, S, R,, & Kupfer, D, J. (1989). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research, Psychiatry research, 28(2), 193–213.
Çiçek, Ö., Mete, S. (2015). Sık karşılaşılan bir sorun: Doğum korkusu. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Dergisi, 8(4), 263-268
Çoban, A.,Yanıkkerem, U.E. (2010).Gebelerde uyku kalitesi ve yorgunluk düzeyi.Ege Tıp Dergisi 2010 49(2): 87-94
Dereje, A., Dheressa, M., Desalew, A., & Tura, A. K. (2022). Fear of childbirth among pregnant women in Eastern Ethiopia: A community-based study. Midwifery, 103515.
Dursun E, Kizilirmak A. Gebelerin kişilik özellikleri ve kaygı düzeyleri iledoğum korkuları arasındaki ilişki. Personalı̇ty traı̇ts of pregnants and the level of theı̇r anxı̇ety have a relatı̇on wı̇th the fear of chı̇ldbı̇rth [Internet]. Nisan 2018 [a.yer 16 Temmuz 2020]; Erişim adresi: http://acikerisim.nevsehir.edu.tr/xmlui/handle/20.500.11787/412
Fairbrother, N., Collardeau, F., Albert, A., & Stoll, K. (2022). Screening for Perinatal Anxiety Using the Childbirth Fear Questionnaire: A New Measure of Fear of Childbirth. International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(4), 2223.
Gao LL, Liu XJ, Fu BL, Xie W. Predictors of childbirth fear among pregnant Chinese women: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey. Midwifery. 2015;31(9):865-70.
Gao, M., Hu, J., Yang, L., Ding, N., Wei, X., Li, L., Liu, L., Ma, Y., & Wen, D. (2019). Association of sleep quality during pregnancy with stress and depression: a prospective birth cohort study in China. BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 19(1), 444.
Ghante, A., Raj, J. P., Krishna, B., & Thomas, A. (2021). Prevalence and predictors of sleep deprivation and poor sleep quality and their associated perinatal outcomes during the third trimester of pregnancy. Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences, 16(3), 359-364.
Haines, H. M., Pallant, J. F., Fenwick, J., Gamble, J., Creedy, D. K., Toohill, J., & Hildingsson, I. (2015). Identifying women who are afraid of giving birth: A comparison of the fear of birth scale with the WDEQ-A in a large Australian cohort. Sexual & reproductive healthcare: official journal of the Swedish Association of Midwives, 6(4), 204–210.
Haines, H., Pallant, J. F., Karlström, A., & Hildingsson, I. (2011). Cross-cultural comparison of levels of childbirth-related fear in an Australian and Swedish sample. Midwifery, 27(4), 560–567.
Hall, W. A., Hauck, Y. L., Carty, E. M., Hutton, E. K., Fenwick, J., & Stoll, K. (2009). Childbirth fear, anxiety, fatigue, and sleep deprivation in pregnant women. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing, 38(5), 567-576.
Junge, C., von Soest, T., Weidner, K., Seidler, A., Eberhard‐Gran, M., & Garthus‐Niegel, S. (2018). Labor pain in women with and without severe fear of childbirth: a population‐based, longitudinal study. Birth, 45(4), 469-477.
Kaya, N & Güler, H. (2021). Türk toplumunda doğum korkusunu belirlemeye yönelik kullanılan ölçekler. Sürekli Tıp Eğitimi Dergisi, 30(1), 69-75.
Korukcu, O., Kukulu, K., & Firat, M. Z. (2012). The reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire (W-DEQ) with pregnant women. Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing, 19(3), 193–202.
Mindell, J. A., Cook, R. A., & Nikolovski, J. (2015). Sleep patterns and sleep disturbances across pregnancy. Sleep medicine, 16(4), 483-488.
Neo, H. S., Tan, J. H., Ang, W., & Lau, Y. (2022). Internet-delivered psychological interventions for reducing depressive. anxiety symptoms and fear of childbirth in pregnant women: A meta-analysis and meta-regression. Journal of psychosomatic research. 157. 110790.
Nilsson, C., Hessman, E., Sjöblom, H., Dencker, A., Jangsten, E., Mollberg, M., Patel, H., Sparud-Lundin, C., Wigert, H., & Begley, C. (2018). Definitions, measurements and prevalence of fear of childbirth: a systematic review. BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 18(1), 28.
O'Connell, M. A., Leahy-Warren, P., Kenny, L. C., & Khashan, A. S. (2019b). Pregnancy outcomes in women with severe fear of childbirth. Journal of psychosomatic research, 120, 105-109.
O'Connell, M. A., Leahy‐Warren, P., Kenny, L. C., O'Neill, S. M., & Khashan, A. S. (2019a). The prevalence and risk factors of fear of childbirth among pregnant women: A cross‐sectional study in Ireland. Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica, 98(8), 1014-1023.
O'Connell, M. A., Leahy-Warren, P., Khashan, A. S., Kenny, L. C., & O'Neill, S. M. (2017). Worldwide prevalence of tocophobia in pregnant women: systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica, 96(8), 907–920.
Open Source Epidemiologic Statistics for Public Health (2016). OpenEpi. 2016; http://www.openepi.com/SampleSize/SSPropor.htm Erişim Tarihi:15.10.2016
Özkan, Z. & Bozkurt, G. (2015). Uyku kalitesinin doğuma ve doğum ağrısına etkisi. Sağlık Bilimleri ve Meslekleri Dergisi, 2 (3), 334-344 .
Öztürk, D. M., Yılmaz, A., Müsüroğlu, S., Sevinç, S., & Akcan, B. (2019). Son trimesterdeki gebelerin uyku kalitelerinin ve başetme yöntemlerinin belirlenmesi: gebelikte son trimesterde uyku. Sdü Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 10 (3), 212, 16.
Rahmawati, D., & Ungsianik, T. (2017). Anxiety, depression, and sleep quality of third trimester pregnant women. UI Proceedings on Health and Medicine, 2.
Rohr, J. C., Nowakowski, S., Orff, H. J., & Parry, B. L. (2021). Sleep in women during pregnancy and postpartum.
Rouhe, H., Salmela-Aro, K., Toivanen, R., Tokola, M., Halmesmäki, E., Ryding, E. L., & Saisto, T. (2015). Group psychoeducation with relaxation for severe fear of childbirth improves maternal adjustment and childbirth experience–a randomised controlled trial. Journal of psychosomatic obstetrics & gynecology, 36(1), 1-9.
Salomonsson, B., Berterö, C., & Alehagen, S. (2013). Self‐efficacy in pregnant women with severe fear of childbirth. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing, 42(2), 191-202.
Santur, S.G., Özşahin, Z. (2021). Sleep and midwifery approach in the stages of women’s life. The Journal of Turkish Family Physician, 12(4), 207-216.
Sedov, I. D., Cameron, E. E., Madigan, S., & Tomfohr-Madsen, L. M. (2018). Sleep quality during pregnancy: a meta-analysis. Sleep medicine reviews, 38, 168-176.
Sydsjö, G., Blomberg, M., Palmquist, S., Angerbjörn, L., Bladh, M., & Josefsson, A. (2015). Effects of continuous midwifery labour support for women with severe fear of childbirth. BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 15, 115.
Toohill, J., Fenwick, J., Gamble, J., & Creedy, D. K. (2014). Prevalence of childbirth fear in an Australian sample of pregnant women. BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 14, 275.
Tsai, S. Y., Lee, C. N., Wu, W. W., & Landis, C. A. (2016). Sleep hygiene and sleep quality of third‐trimester pregnant women. Research in Nursing & Health, 39(1), 57-65.
Uçar, T., Gölbaşı, Z. (2015). Nedenleri ve sonuçlarıyla doğum korkusu. İnönü Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(2), 54-8.
Warland, J., Dorrian, J., Morrison, J. L., & O'Brien, L. M. (2018). Maternal sleep during pregnancy and poor fetal outcomes: a scoping review of the literature with meta-analysis. Sleep medicine reviews, 41, 197-219.
Wijma, K,, Wijma, B,, & Zar, M, (1998).Psychometric aspects of the W-DEQ; a new questionnaire for the measurement of fear of childbirth, Journal of psychosomatic obstetrics and gynaecology, 19(2), 84–97,
Wu, M., Li, X., Feng, B., Wu, H., Qiu, C., & Zhang, W. (2014). Poor sleep quality of third-trimester pregnancy is a risk factor for postpartum depression. Medical science monitor: international medical journal of experimental and clinical research, 20, 2740.
Zhang, X., Cao, D., Sun, J., Shao, D., Sun, Y., & Cao, F. (2021). Sleep heterogeneity in the third trimester of pregnancy: Correlations with depression, memory impairment, and fatigue. Psychiatry Research, 303, 114075.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 GEVHER NESIBE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.